The SFI Foundation sets the safety standards that NHRA, IHRA, and most local tracks adopt. An SFI rating on a fire suit tells you two critical things: the number of layers of fire-resistant material, and the Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) score — a lab measurement of how many seconds of protection you get before suffering a second-degree burn at a given heat exposure.
For drag racing specifically, the fire risk comes from fuel fires during crashes or fuel system failures. Nitro, methanol, and even pump gas can ignite in a fraction of a second. The faster and more powerful your car, the higher the fuel load — and the more protection you need.
The key SFI standard for drag racing suits is SFI 3.2A, with the number after the slash indicating protection level: